The existing regulatory framework for new chemical substances in China has been put in place for nearly a decade, delivering tangible results in advancing chemical management and promoting the well-regulated development of the chemical sector. In April this year, to address problems identified in its implementation, the Chinese authorities introduced a new scheme, known as MEE Order No. 12, which will take effect starting from 1 January 2021. With an enhanced focus on environmental risks, the new scheme is expected to enable more efficient and targeted regulation and contribute to the country’s environmental protection efforts.